What is extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL)?
In ESWL, high-intensity sound waves are focused onto a point (approx. 1-2 mm) and coupled into the patient's body. The stone is then disintegrated by repeated energy pulses. The resulting fragments leave the body in the natural way via the ureter.

How is the procedure applied?
As a rule, the patient lies comfortably on his/her back. A coupling cushion, which conducts the energy pulses into the body, is applied to the site to be treated (such as the kidney). The stone itself is located via ultrasound or X-rays.

For which indications is the procedure suited?
The procedure is used for treating kidney stones, ureter stones, gallstones and bile-duct stones.

Why is this treatment non-invasive?
ESWL is an extracorporeal intervention (applied outside the body). An open operation under general anesthetic is thus avoided. No surgical intervention (such as an incision) takes place.

What was the previous form of treatment?
Kidney stones used to be removed by operation. Such an operation is associated with the danger of the loss or restricted function of the kidneys.

How long does it take?
The procedure lasts about 30 minutes depending on the size and position of the stone.

How painful is the treatment?
ESWL is performed after the administration of an analgesic and is thus essentially painless.

Is subsequent treatment required?
In some cases, a second treatment is necessary. This depends largely on the size and position of the stones. Where these are smaller than 1.5 cm, the probability of success with ESWL the first time is approximately 90-95%.

Can the treatment always be performed?
The treatment can be performed on almost every patient. Your doctor will inform you of any counter-indications.

Are there any side-effects?
Hematomas (blood clots) may occur in the vicinity of the stone. However, these are usually harmless and disappear after a few days.

Will the treatment be paid by my health insurance?
The treatment will be paid by both private and statutory health insurers.

Where is ESWL available?
Check with your doctor to find out if kidney-stone fragmentation with extracorporeal shockwaves (lithotripsy) is performed by UMS at a hospital near you.

This information is provided to you as a public service, and is in no way meant to replace or supersede the information or advice provided from a qualified health care professional.

Lithotripsy Patient Information